Americans are living longer than ever, but American men still aren’t living as long as American women. While the reasons why aren’t exactly clear, this trend has been observed throughout all stages of life, with infant boys being at a higher risk of death than infant girls. Perhaps it’s because men traditionally adopt riskier behaviors, or maybe it’s because men don’t really like visiting their healthcare practitioner until their medical concern becomes a problem, often too late. Who knows. What we do know, however, is that men’s health tends to focus on disease events and subsequent disabilities, leading to a shorter lifespan for men compared to women.
Historically, the approach to men’s health has been reactive, addressing issues only after they arise. This passive, wait-and-see method overlooks the benefits of preventive care, hence, shifting the focus to early intervention and disease prevention can significantly improve men’s quality of life and reduce the societal burden of healthcare costs. As our population ages, prioritizing men’s health through proactive strategies is essential for fostering longer, healthier lives.
As men age, health concerns such as heart disease, prostate health, cancer screenings, and mental health become increasingly significant. Understanding and addressing these issues can lead to a healthier and more fulfilling life.
Heart Disease and High Blood Pressure
Cardiovascular disease is a major issue for aging men, with risk escalating dramatically as they grow older. The American Heart Association reports that about 40% of men aged 40-59, 75% of men aged 60-79, and a staggering 86% of men over 80 are affected by heart disease. This includes conditions like atherosclerosis, stroke and myocardial infarction, which can severely impact quality of life.
Prostate Health
Prostate health becomes increasingly important with age. Starting around age 25, the prostate begins to enlarge, a condition known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). By age 50, many men experience symptoms like frequent and urgent urination, especially at night, and difficulty starting or maintaining a strong urine stream. While BPH is not cancerous, it can significantly affect daily life and requires medical attention to manage symptoms effectively.
Prostate cancer is rare in men younger than 40, but the risk rises rapidly after age 50. About 6 in 10 prostate cancers are found in men older than 65, making it the second most frequent cancer diagnosis in men and the fifth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Often asymptomatic in its early stages, prostate cancer may have a slow, indolent course that requires only active surveillance.
Cancer Screenings
The risk of cancers, such as colon and skin cancer, increases with age, and more particularly in men. Nearly 60% of all cancer diagnoses and 70% of cancer deaths occur in individuals 65 years and older. Regular screenings can help detect cancer early when it is most treatable. Men should prioritize screenings for prostate, colon, and skin cancers to ensure early detection and better outcomes.
Mental Health and Emotional Wellbeing
Mental health and emotional well-being are equally important but often overlooked. Suicide rates among men rise sharply after age 70, with factors such as depression, chronic illness, chronic pain, and social isolation contributing to this increase. Men tend to have smaller social networks, making them more susceptible to isolation and its adverse effects. Addressing mental health proactively, through counseling and building robust social connections, can help mitigate these risks and improve overall quality of life.
Healthy Behaviors ALL Men Should Adopt
Although many factors influence health and longevity, modifiable health behaviors are among the most impactful. Actions such as diet, exercise, social engagement and preventive healthcare can significantly affect outcomes, with research estimating that 50% of morbidity and mortality is due to modifiable behaviors. Below are some of the key practices that can enhance longevity and well-being for aging men.
Support Network
Men who are feeling anxious often struggle with isolation, which can further contribute to the severity of their symptoms. Reminding oneself that it’s okay to feel low and talk about life’s challenges takes time and can feel risky, but it is a risk worth taking. It’s important not to be discouraged if a support network seems absent. Building a support network can start with family members, friends and healthcare professionals who can provide a listening ear and reduce feelings of loneliness. It’s a journey that involves exploring and creating a network that meets individual needs.
Often, societal conditioning leads men to ignore emotional distress, attributing it to physical symptoms instead. Only after recognizing the true nature of their symptoms do many men feel overwhelmed by stigma, leading to further isolation.
A support network doesn’t need to solve every problem; sometimes, just having someone to talk to makes a significant difference. Moreover, support networks can recommend professional services when necessary, offering pathways to more structured help.
Preventative Care
Men are often less likely to visit the doctor regularly, a trend that starts in adulthood. While boys and girls visit pediatricians at similar rates, this changes as they grow older. According to CDC data from 2018, women visit physicians almost 40 percent more frequently than men; even excluding pregnancy-related visits, women are still twice as likely to schedule annual exams and use preventive services.
It’s time for things to change. Men must be proactive about keeping on top of their health. Regular health screenings are recommended for men at various ages, from 18 to 65 and beyond. Many screenings, such as cancer, blood pressure and depression checks, can be done during routine physicals, while others, like cancer screenings for prostate, colon and lung cancer, require separate appointments
Men’s health screenings should complement personalized advice from healthcare providers, offering essential discussion points during routine medical visits. This way, diseases and chronic conditions can be spotted and managed early, thereby improving overall quality of life.
Exercise and Nutrition
Studies show that engaging in aerobic and resistance exercises can significantly boost testosterone levels, helping maintain muscle mass and overall fitness. For older men, especially those who lead sedentary lifestyles, combining conditioning exercises with high-intensity interval training can lead to remarkable improvements in hormone levels, reduce body fat and enhance overall health. Moreover, consistent exercise over the long term helps lower blood pressure and improves insulin sensitivity.
Nutrition plays an equally vital role in maintaining health as men age. Older men often struggle with poor diets, consuming fewer fruits and vegetables, which can impact their overall well-being. To preserve muscle mass and promote health, it is essential to include seafood, dairy or fortified soy alternatives, beans, peas and lentils in the diet. Incorporating more fruits and vegetables into daily meals is crucial, and using convenient options like frozen or canned produce can make this easier. Turning meals into social events by inviting friends or joining community meals can not only allow men to build a support network, but enhance the dining experience and improve dietary habits.